情态动词是什么?
的有关信息介绍如下:有解释有用法,求采纳情态动词(Modal verbs)本身有一定的词义,表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 情态动词虽然数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。情态动词表推测的三种时态1.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。e.g:(1).She must / may / might / could arrive before 5.5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。(2).She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。2.对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。e.g:(1).He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。(2).He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。(3).Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?3.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。e.g:(1).It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。(2).The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。(3).Can / Could he have gotten the book?难道他找到书了吗?情态动词 词义&用法 注意事项 特殊用法cancould 1.表具备某种能力 Can表现在能力;Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替;was/were able to 表示成功做了某事 (1)表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。(此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气)Can/Could this be true?(2)can not…too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好":You can't be too careful.你越细心越好2.表请求和允许 ①请求用could 语气委婉②允许不用 could.3.表“可能性” ① can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)② can (be)表示有时候会(常与sometimes, at times 连用)maymight 1.表请求和允许 ①请求用might语气更委婉。②允许时用may,表示“可以”(表示允许时不用might)。 (1)may/might well+V原形:表"完全可能,,很可能"= be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son.(2)may/might as well+V原形:"最好,满可以,倒不如"You may as well stay here over night.2.表可能性“也许” 此意常用于肯定句。(might可能最小)3表祝愿 固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”:May you succeed!must 1.表“必须” ① must多表主观、现在/将来义务; have to多表客观、过去义务② mustn't表"禁止";否定用needn't / don't have to (1)表示必然结果:All men must die.人固有一死。(2)表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩,可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”:If you must know, her name is Mary.2.表推测:“肯定是、准是” 只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/couldwillwould 1.表意愿,决心等 Would此时为will过去式,无意义差别 (1)will表命令(说话者确定命令一定会得到执行)或允诺:You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺)(2)可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句):(此时would比will委婉) Don’t go now, will you?(3)would短语:would rather/would prefer宁愿;would like/would love喜欢/想要(见注意①)2.表经常性,习惯性,倾向性, Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于used to无“现已无此习惯”之义。)3.表功能,性质 叙述真理:The tree will leave without water for 3 months.4.表估计:“想必,大概”(只时态区别) 此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在;will表示现在/将来)5.表“请求/要求”(Will you?) 此意用于疑问句,常与you连用Will you give me a piece of paper?shall(shan’t) 1.表征求意见(“好不好”) 用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what? 点2其他示例:He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺)You shall fail if you don't work harder.(警告)You shall come at once.(命令)2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做 用于第二、第三人称Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving3.表规章、法令、预言:“必须” 用于所有人称Every competitor shall wear a numbershouldought to 1.表示道义上的责任,义务或要求, 有时表示劝告:You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says. (1)should 用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解,惋惜,感到意外,赞叹,愤怒、惊异等感情,意为“竟会”,有时也用于陈述句中(2)Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能,相当于“万一”的意思。(见注意②)2.表示推测和可能性,是“ (按理说)应该”之意 肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强This pen ought to /should be yours.3.表示说话人的一种谦逊,客气,委婉的语气 此意常用于第一人称时:You are mistaken , I should say . (依我看你是搞错了)